Title: The neural correlates of childhood maltreatment
Paper details:
Please conduct a literature review and write an introduction to a meta-analysis following the headlines and topics below. This project is for a skilled neuroscientist make sure you are familiar with fmri and bain development literature and research.
Include the references that are added here.
Title: The neural correlates of childhood maltreatment
INTRODUCTION
Child maltreatment (CM) prevalence and definition
Child PTSD prevalence and definisiton
Exposure to abuse and neglect in childhood is highly prevalent and a global issue with 3 in 4 children aged 2-4 years suffering from physical violence (WHO, n.d., 2 & 3).
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) childhood maltreatment includes emotional maltreatment, physical, sexual, emotional abuse, neglect and exploitation.
Previous clinical meta-analyses and their findings
Here report the findings from the clinical meta-analysis and explain that CM is highly correlating with depression/anxiety and other psychiatric disorders. Then do the same with PTSD in children
Child maltreatment and neural correlates
Childhood maltreatment has a significant impact on a child’s brain development and is a major risk factor for adult psychopathology (Whittle et. al., 2013).
PTSD in children and neural correlates
Child maltreatment and structural MRI studies (any structural neuroimaging meta-analysis?)
Research indicates that maltreatment reduces the volume of the hippocampus (especially in adults), as well as the anterior cingulate, ventromedial, and dorsomedial cortices; affects the development of key fiber tracts (such as the corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, and cingulum bundle); and appears to alter the development of sensory systems that process and convey stress (Teicher, M., 2016).
Child maltreatment and brain network (any connectivity meta-analysis?) PTSD the same.
The fronto-limbic networks are the ones that are most harmed in maltreated children and adolescents. The prefrontal cortex (PFC), as well as the orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex, and the amygdala, are among them (De Bellis, 2001; Hart & Rubia, 2012; McCrory et al., 2010; Teicher et al., 2012).
Child maltreatment and functional MRI studies (any fMRI meta-analysis?) Please look at the literature and establish if there is an fmri metal analysis on brain function.
